Why Do Some Young People Use Xanax Recreationally? What Are the Risks?

Concerns about the rise in Xanax usage among young people

Anecdotal reports from some professionals have prompted concerns about young people using prescription benzodiazepines such as Xanax for recreational use. Border force detections of these drugs have almost doubled in the past five years, further fuelling the worry.

What are benzodiazepines?

You might know this large group of drugs by their trade names. Valium (diazepam), Xanax (alprazolam), Normison (temazepam) and Rohypnol (flunitrazepam) are just a few examples. Sometimes they’re referred to as minor tranquillisers or, colloquially, as “benzos”. They increase the neurotransmitter gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA). GABA reduces activity in the brain, producing feelings of relaxation and sedation.

How do people get them? And how does it make them feel?

Benzodiazepines for non-medical use are typically either diverted from legitimate prescriptions or purchased from illicit drug markets including online. Some illegally obtained benzodiazepines look like prescription medicines but are counterfeit pills that may contain fentanyl, nitazenes (both synthetic opioids) or other potent substances which can significantly increase the risk of accidental overdose and death.

When used recreationally, benzodiazepines are usually taken at higher doses than those typically prescribed, so there are even greater risks. The effect young people are looking for in using these drugs is a feeling of profound relaxation, reduced inhibition, euphoria and a feeling of detachment from one’s surroundings. Others use them to enhance social experiences or manage the “comedown” from stimulant drugs like MDMA.

Is recreational use growing?

The data we have about non-prescribed benzodiazepine use among young people is patchy and difficult to interpret. The National Drug Strategy Household Survey 2022–23 estimates around 0.5% of 14 to 17 year olds and and 3% of 18 to 24 year olds have used a benzodiazepine for non medical purposes at least once in the past year. The Australian Secondary Schools Survey 2022–23 reports that 11% of secondary school students they surveyed had used benzodiazepines in the past year. However they note this figure may include a sizeable proportion of students who have been prescribed benzodiazepines but have inadvertently reported using them recreationally.

What can you do to reduce the risks?

To reduce the risk of problems, including dependence, benzodiazepines should be used for the shortest duration possible at the lowest effective dose. Benzodiazepines should not be taken with other medicines without speaking to a doctor or pharmacist. You should not drink alcohol or take illicit drugs at the same time as using benzodiazepines.

Conclusion

Benzodiazepines are powerful drugs that should only be used under the guidance of a medical professional. While they can be effective in treating anxiety and insomnia, they also carry a high risk of dependence and addiction. If you or someone you know is using benzodiazepines recreationally, it is important to seek help and support to address the underlying issues and reduce the risks associated with their use.

FAQs

Q: What are benzodiazepines?
A: Benzodiazepines are a class of drugs that include Xanax, Valium, and Rohypnol, among others. They are often prescribed to treat anxiety and insomnia, but can also be used recreationally.

Q: How do people get benzodiazepines for non-medical use?
A: Benzodiazepines for non-medical use are typically either diverted from legitimate prescriptions or purchased from illicit drug markets including online.

Q: What are the risks associated with using benzodiazepines recreationally?
A: The risks associated with using benzodiazepines recreationally include dependence, addiction, and increased risk of accidental overdose and death. They can also impair cognitive function, memory, and coordination, and increase the risk of risky behavior such as unsafe sex or driving.

Q: How can I get help if I or someone I know is using benzodiazepines recreationally?
A: If you or someone you know is using benzodiazepines recreationally, it is important to seek help and support to address the underlying issues and reduce the risks associated with their use. You can speak to a doctor or pharmacist, or seek help from a counseling service such as Reconnections or CounsellingOnline.