How to deal with photosensitivity caused by lupus?

Photosensitivity caused by lupus is one of the most common cutaneous clinical manifestations of the disease. People with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) should be careful about exposure to sunlight and artificial light.

Symptoms experienced from increased photosensitivity include:

• Fever.
• Sunburn.
• Pain and inflammation in the joints.
• Worsening fatigue and general weakness.

However, by following a few tips, It is possible to live with SLE and counteract increased sensitivity to light.

What is LES?

Systemic lupus erythematosus is a autoimmune disease caused by antibodies that attack the body’s own cells. It usually appears between the second and fourth decades of life and is more common in women.

It may have generalized (systemic) symptoms or be only cutaneous (in the cutaneous lupus erythematosus). Acute flare-ups or attacks, products of increased inflammatory activity, include skin changes, muscle and joint pain, weight loss, fever, and fatigue.

The intensity and duration of each epidemic are very particular. There is usually long-term multi-organ involvement. Including the kidneys, heart, lungs, central nervous system and the skin itself.

Effect of photosensitivity caused by lupus

Systemic lupus erythematosus and cutaneous lupus erythematosus are affected by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) rays, whether from the sun or artificial light. This is called photosensitivity and can manifest itself in different ways.

In patients with lupus, UV radiation is linked to the presentation of clinical manifestations on the skin. Up to 75% of patients have photosensitivity caused by systemic lupus erythematosus. This value can reach almost 99% in patients with cutaneous lupus erythematosus.

Penetration of UV rays into the epidermis and dermis causes changes in DNA. More free radicals are produced and oxidation reactions occur in the cells of the immune system. As well as in the endothelium of blood vessels.

This autoimmune attack results in the release of inflammatory mediators. Cellular apoptosis (programmed cell death) then follows, potentially triggering an epidemic.

Photosensitivity caused by lupus can manifest as a rash and generalized itching.

Tips for Coping with Photosensitivity Caused by Lupus

Lupus photosensitivity will appear at some point. That is why it is important that when living with this disease, the person is able to put in place protective measures on a daily basis. So here are the most important ones.

1. Always use sunscreen

People with photosensitivity caused by lupus should use sunscreen at all times. Even when there is no sun. Commercial options are numerous and include moisturizers with sun protection, sprays, makeup powders, as well as body or face creams. Sunscreen should be applied even if you are indoors.

It is recommended to reapply every 2 hours. If there is direct exposure to sunlight due to the beach for example, the time should be reduced to 1 hour.

You should purchase the highest sun protection factor (SPF) available. If you are outdoors, an SPF of 70 is recommended.

It is important that sunscreen is applied generously. And with more emphasis on the neck, forehead, face, behind the ears, shoulders, back of the arms and upper back.

2. Include clothes with sun protection factor in the wardrobe

For cases of photosensitivity caused by lupus, It is recommended to use fabrics with a sun protection factor greater than 50. There are all kinds of clothing with UV protection, including swimwear.

Although not all clothing offers the same protection, it is important to opt for fabrics with a high fabric density. In case of walks on the beach or long car journeys, favor long-sleeved shirts and long pants.

Sunglasses should be part of the attire, even when driving the car. Photosensitivity of lupus also affects the eyes and can cause damage around and inside the eyeball.

3. Take care of UV rays indoors

It is recommended to keep the curtains down and the blinds closed. Lights should always be dimmed or use low wattage bulbs.

UV rays from artificial light are just as harmful as those from the sun. Their effect on the skin cannot therefore be underestimated. light bulbs at home should have the lowest possible intensity, such as LED lights. Fluorescent or halogen bulbs are not optimal.

There are blinds that block UV rays. Similarly, there are ways to tint the windows of the house to block some penetration of sunlight.

4. In photosensitivity caused by lupus, exposure time should be limited

In case of photosensitivity caused by lupus, just 15 to 30 minutes of sun per day is enough to produce the necessary amount of vitamin D. In addition, it is recommended to avoid hours when the sun’s rays strike with greater intensity.

The best times to safely expose yourself to the sun are in the morning (between 8am and 10am) and in the evening (after 6pm). Other intervals increase the risk of skin damage.

5. Be careful with the medications you take

Some medications can worsen photosensitivity caused by lupus. These include: according to scientific studiesthere is a group that constitutes the most frequent:

• Antibiotics: such as doxycycline and tetracycline.
• Analgesic and anti-inflammatory drugs: such as naproxen and piroxicam.
• Antihypertensives: such as loop diuretics (hydrochlorothiazide) and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors.
• Immunosuppressants: such as methotrexate. This, in particular, is one of the most prescribed drugs for lupus.

It is always best to consult a professional if we notice changes in the skin at the beginning of a new treatment. It will be possible to assess whether it is appropriate to remove the active ingredient or change the treatment for a similar one.

Caring for Lupus Photosensitivity Starts with Knowledge

Patients who suffer from photosensitivity caused by lupus should be upfront with their loved ones, clarifying the need for protection. Others must understand certain measures that, even if they seem extreme, are essential.

Being careful when exposing yourself to any type of light, whether solar or artificial, makes a difference.

Acute attacks of the disease are very painful and bothersome.. Reducing them through adequate protection from light will improve the quality of life. And this should involve friends and family.