Heavy Cannabis Use Linked to Lasting Effects on Working Memory

Frequent Cannabis Use May Impair Working Memory, Study Suggests

A recent study published in JAMA Network Open has found that frequent use of cannabis may damage the brain’s working memory. The study analyzed data from 1,003 adults aged 22 to 36 and found that 63% of heavy lifetime cannabis users showed reduced brain activity while performing a working memory task.

What is Working Memory?

Working memory is the ability to hold and manipulate information in our minds for a short period of time. It’s essential for tasks such as following instructions, remembering phone numbers, or looking over our shoulder while driving and remembering to check our blind spot.

The Study’s Findings

Researchers at the University of Colorado School of Medicine used magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans to analyze the brains of 1,003 adults. They found that:

• Heavy cannabis use was associated with lower brain activation only during the working memory task.
• The impact of heavy cannabis use was less significant for other tasks, such as reward, emotion, language, and motor skills.

What are the Implications?

The study’s lead author, Joshua Gowin, Ph.D., suggests that abstaining from cannabis before a cognitively demanding situation may help with performance. Existing research suggests that the residual cognitive effects of cannabis may linger for two weeks after stopping use.

However, for heavy users, quitting cannabis abruptly may lead to withdrawal symptoms that could last for a week. "People need to be aware of their relationship with cannabis since abstaining cold turkey could disrupt their cognition as well," Gowin said.

What Does this Mean for Young People?

Young people are particularly vulnerable to the potential negative effects of cannabis use, as their brains are still developing. "This is another study that shows strong associations that, in the context of other research that’s been done, just furthers our concern for this particular population," said Itai Danovitch, M.D., chair of the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences at Cedars-Sinai in Los Angeles.

Conclusion

The study’s findings suggest that frequent cannabis use may impair working memory, a crucial cognitive function. While the study’s results are concerning, more research is needed to fully understand the long-term effects of cannabis use on the brain.

Frequently Asked Questions

Q: Can I still use cannabis and expect to perform well in demanding situations?
A: The study suggests that abstaining from cannabis before a cognitively demanding situation may help with performance. However, more research is needed to give definitive advice.

Q: What are the risks of quitting cannabis abruptly?
A: Quitting cannabis abruptly may lead to withdrawal symptoms that could last for a week.

Q: Is cannabis use safe for young people whose brains are still developing?
A: The study’s findings and other research suggest that young people are particularly vulnerable to the potential negative effects of cannabis use, and more caution is advised.