Gait Training Exercises: Improving Strength, Balance, and Coordination
Range of Motion Exercises
Range of motion (ROM) is the distance and direction in which a joint or muscle can move. After a period of immobilization following injury or surgery, ROM may be limited. Exercises that improve ROM are an example of gait training. ROM gait training exercises include:
- Ankle pumps: Sit or lie down and flex your feet, as if you’re trying to bring your toes towards your knees. Then, point your toes down towards the floor. Continue at a quick pace for 2 minutes.
- Calf towel stretch: Sit on the floor with your legs extended in front of you and a towel looped around the middle of your right foot. Gently pull the ends of the towel towards you until you feel a stretch in your right calf. Hold for 10 seconds and then release and repeat on the left leg.
Lower-Body Strength Exercises
Strong muscles power the legs, ankles, and feet during walking and also improve stability. Strength-training exercises for gait training include:
- Straight leg raises: Lie face up with your arms extended at your sides, palms on the floor. Extend your left leg on the floor and bend your right knee, placing your right foot on the floor. Lift your left leg several inches off the floor, then lower it and repeat. Do 10 reps, then repeat on the opposite leg.
- Squats: Stand with feet hip-width apart and extend your arms at shoulder height in front of you, palms facing the floor. (Place hands on the back of a chair for support, if needed.) Push your hips back as you bend your knees as if you’re sitting down in a chair. Stand up to return to the starting position. Do 10 reps.
- Step ups: Stand facing the first step of a staircase. Place your right foot on the step and bring your left foot up beside it. Reverse the motion (step down with your left foot and then your right) to return to the starting position. Do 10 reps, then repeat on the opposite side, stepping up with your left foot first.
Obstacle Training
Gait training exercises can also include obstacle training, which involves navigating various obstacles while walking. This can help improve balance and coordination. Examples of obstacle training exercises include:
Conclusion
Gait training exercises are designed to improve strength, balance, and coordination when walking. These exercises can be part of a physical therapy program following an injury, surgery, or chronic condition. Consult with a healthcare provider before starting any new exercise program.
Frequently Asked Questions
Q: What are some examples of gait training exercises?
A: Examples of gait training exercises include ankle pumps, calf towel stretches, straight leg raises, squats, and step ups.
Q: Who can benefit from gait training exercises?
A: Anyone who is experiencing difficulty walking due to an injury, surgery, or chronic condition can benefit from gait training exercises.
Q: Can I do gait training exercises at home?
A: Yes, many gait training exercises can be performed at home, but it’s always best to consult with a healthcare provider before starting a new exercise program.